Kant vs Descartes

Thing in ItselfRene Descartes method of interrogative sentence provides the argument for the existence of the mind, which is, perhaps, the cornerstone of his philosophy. Immanuel Kant, on the another(prenominal) hand, treats land or rationality as a crucial factor in his philosophical accounts. With regard to Descartes, the image of the matter in itself notify be analyzed in ground of his method of high-flown doubt, such that he rout outnot doubt that he exists. As for Kant, the fantasy of the thing in itself can best be understood in terms of his interference on the distinction between the noumenal or rational world and the spatiotemporal world.Descartes method of doubt tells us that the only thing that an individual can be sure of is his existence, such that the fact that one can begin to doubt ones existence is proof that in that location must be that something which doubts. assumption that there is a looming doubt, it cannot be call forioned that there is indeed some thing that doubts, and that doubting thing is a thinking thing. At the least(prenominal), the attribute of being able to doubt compels Descartes to believe that he exists for if he did not then he would not have doubted his existence in the first place (Garber, p. 226).As a result, Descartes gives primary violence to the mind such that our sensory perceptions cannot wholly provide us with real knowledge. For instance, Descartes provides his classic example of the wax. A wax has a certain size, experimental condition, texture and olfactory perception among many others. After the wax is melted, Descartes tells us that many of the physical properties of the wax as observed by our sensory perceptions have changed. Thus, our senses cannot give us the federal agency of the essence of the wax, or of things in general. It is at that point that Descartes believes that the deductive mind should be the basis for our inquiries on the essence of objects.Hence, it can be state that the conc ept of the thing in itself in terms of Descartes philosophy stands as something which claims that there is a material, external world outside of the mind. Things by themselves, then, would be as they atomic number 18 whether or not the mind is able to grasp these external entities. Descartes is also known for his belief in the mind and body dualism, such that the mind is a separate entity from the corporeal or physical body. In its entirety, it can be said that Descartes is espousing the idea that the thing in itself is one which is in the external world, although it can also be the thinking thing, or the mind. As for the objects external from the mind, these objects are things in themselves for the reason that the mind is able to acquire knowledge through them, specifically through a deductive inquiry into their nature and essence.Immanuel Kant, on the other hand, espouses the idea of noumenon as synonymous with the thing in itself, which is that the noumenal earth is the realm w hich is not accessible precisely because of the limits of the rationality. From here, it can be said that Kant acknowledges that there are indeed things in themselves only that human reason is unable to entirely grasp these things in themselves in the noumenal realm. Kants noumenon is to be distinguished with his concept of the phenomenon. On one hand, the phenomenon is that which is grasped by our sensory perceptions or that which is perceived. On the other hand, the noumenon is the actual object which gives the perceived phenomenon (Clarke, p. 55).In order to make the distinction clearer, one can resort to the example of, say, the object pencil. In terms of Kants philosophy, the actual pencil is the actual object and the essence of the actual pencil cannot be grasped even through our reason and sensory perceptions. On the contrary, what we can only be able to grasp is the phenomenon that emanates from the actual pencil. That is, our senses are only able to acquire the various att ributes of the actual pencil such as size, color, shape and texture among many others. We are never able to grasp the essence of the actual pencil, only the properties or the phenomenon that come from it.The contrast between Kant and Descartes treatment of the thing in itself resides on their basis for which upon the thing in itself can be accessed. Apparently, both Kant and Descartes give a substantial consideration for the mind or reason in trying to understand the material world and the rest of the objects as things in themselves. Thus, once the mind or reason is deprived of its role in discerning the objects around it, or if the mind or reason is removed from the task of contemplating the thing in itself, there is strong reason to believe, as remote as Kant and Descartes are concerned, that any effort to philosophize about these things would be futile.More importantly, the distinction between Kant and Descartes resides on the fact that Kant is inclined to believe that we cannot entirely brood the essence of any thing in itself and that only the phenomenon can be accessed by reason and our sensory perceptions. On the other hand, Descartes does not explicitly make a claim denying the reason of the ability to comprehend the essence of objects. On the contrary, Descartes tells us that we should rely on the deductive process through the minds in our quest for understanding the world of objects and less on the sensory perceptions for they may simply give us a limited account of the world.In conclusion, it can be said that the distinction between Kant and Descartes in terms of their take on the concept of the thing in itself differs solely on whether or not the noumenon or the actual objects are accessible. Both Kant and Descartes agree on the substantial function and purpose of reason in discerning the world or at least the thinking thing in the words of Descartes. Without the mind, one can hardly arrive at a substantial thought on the world, or that there can be no hyperbolic doubting to begin with. The use of the mind is significant in both the philosophies of Kant and Descartes, especially in their analysis of the concept of the thing in itself.Works CitedGarber, Daniel. Descartes and Method in 1637. PSA Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 2 (1988) 226.Clarke, Michael. Kants Rhetoric of Enlightenmentkants Rhetoric of Enlightenment. The polish up of Politics 59.1 (1997) 55.